§ 60 Fifth Edition

If these ill-effects are produced, as may very naturally be expected from the antipathic employment of medicines, the ordinary physician imagines he can get over the difficulty by giving, at each renewed aggravation, a stronger dose of the remedy, whereby an equally transient suppression is effected; and as there then is a still greater necessity for giving ever-increasing quantities of the palliative there ensues either another more serious disease or frequently even danger to life and death itself, but never a cure of a disease of considerable or of long standing.

§ 60 Sixth Edition

If these ill-effects are produced, as may very naturally be expected from the antipathic employment of medicines, the ordinary physician imagines he can get over the difficulty by giving, at each renewed aggravation, a stronger dose of the remedy, whereby an equally transient suppression1 is effected; and as there then is a still greater necessity for giving ever - increasing quantities of the palliative there ensues either another more serious disease or frequently even danger to life and death itself, but never a cure of a disease of considerable or of long standing.

1 All usual palliatives given for the suffering of the sick have (as is seen here) as after-effects an increase of the same suffering and the older physicians had to repeat them in ever stronger doses in order to achieve a similar modification, which however, was never permanent and never sufficient to prevent an increased recurrence of the ailment. But Brousseau, who twenty-five years before contended against the senseless mixing of different drugs in prescription and thereby ending its reign in France, (for which mankind is grateful to him) introduced his so-called physiological system (without taking note of the homœopathic method then already established), a method of treatment, while effectively lessening and permanently preventing the return of all the sufferings, was applicable to all diseases of mankind; a thing that the palliatives then in use were not capable of affecting.

Being able to heal disease with mild innocent remedies and thus establish health, Brousseau found the easier way to quiet the sufferings of patients more and more at the cost of their life and at last to extinguish life wholly - a method of treatment that, alas, seemed sufficient to his contemporaries. In the degree that the patient retains his strength will his ailments be apparent and the more intensely will he feel his pains. He moans and groans and cries out and calls for help more and more vociferously so that the physician cannot come any too soon to give relief. Brousseau needed only to depress the vital force, to lessen it more and more and behold, the more frequently the patient was bled, the more leeches and cupping glasses sucked out the vital fluid (for the innocent irreplaceable blood was according to him responsible for almost all ailments). In the same proportion the patient lost strength to feel pain or to express his aggravated condition by violent complaint and gestures. The patient appears more quiet in proportion as he grows weaker, the bystanders rejoice in his apparent improvement, ready to return to the same measures on the renewal of his sufferings - be they spasms, suffocation, fears or pain, for they had so beautifully quieted him before and gave promise of further ease. In disease of long duration and when the patient retained some strength, he was deprived of food, put on a "hunger diet," in order to depress life so much more successfully and inhibit the restless states. The debilitated patient feels unable to protest against further similar measures of blood-letting leeches, vesication, warm baths and so forth to refuse their employment. That death must follow such frequently repeated reduction and exhaustion of the vital energy is not noticed by the patient, already robbed of all consciousness, and the relatives, blinded by the improvements even of the last sufferings of the patient by means of blood letting and warm baths, cannot understand and are surprised when the patient quietly slips away.

"But God knows the patient on his bed of sickness was not treated with violence, for the prick of a small lancet is not really painful and the gum Arabic solution (Eau de Gourme, almost the only medicine that Brousseau used) was mild in taste and without apparent action - the bite of the leeches insignificant and the blood letting by the physician done quietly while the luke warm baths could only soothe, hence the disease from the very start must have been fatal, so that the patient, notwithstanding all efforts of the physician, had to leave the earth." In this way the relatives, and especially the heirs of the dear departed, consoled themselves.

The physicians in Europe and elsewhere accepted this convenient treatment of all diseases according to a single rule, since it saved them from all further thinking (the most laborious of all work under the sun). They only had to take care "to assuage the pangs of conscience and console themselves that they were not the originators of this system and this method of treatment, that all the other thousands of Brousseauists did the same and that possibly everything would cease with death anyway as was taught by their master." In this way many thousand physicians were miserably misled to shed (with cold heart) the warm blood of their patients that were capable of cure and thereby rob millions of men gradually of their life, according to Brousseau’s method, more than fell on Napoleon’s battlefields. Was it perhaps necessary by the disposition of God for that system of Brousseau which destroyed medically the life of curable patients to precede homœopathy in order to open the eyes of the world to the only true science and art of medicine, homœopathy, in which curable patients find health and new life when this most difficult of all arts is practised by an indefatigable discriminating physician in a pure and conscientious manner?

commentary:

As with above examples we came to conclusion that after the use of antipathic drug  causes only transient amelioration (primary action), which is usually followed by aggravation in each and every case, and this aggravation is again treated by antipathic drug by increasing the dose. Such increase in dose in subsequent aggravation causes  danger to life and  perhaps threatens  to death, but never cure a chronic disease.  Another "drug disease" is added to existing disease he is suffering from.

 

§ 61

Had physicians been capable of reflecting on the sad results of the antagonistic employment of medicines, they had long since discovered the grand truth, THAT THE TRUE RADICAL HEALING ART MUST BE FOUND IN THE EXACT OPPOSITE OF SUCH AN ANTIPATHIC TREATMENT OF THE SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE; they would have become convinced, that as a medicinal action antagonistic to the symptoms of the disease (an antipathically employed medicine) is followed by only transient relief, and after that is passed, by invariable aggravation, the converse of that procedure, the homœopathic employment of medicines according to similarity of symptoms, must effect a permanent and perfect cure, if at the same time the opposite of their large doses, the most minute doses, are exhibited. But neither the obvious aggravation that ensued from their antipathic treatment, nor the fact that no physician ever effected a permanent cure of disease of considerable or of long standing unless some homœopathic medicinal agent was accidentally a chief ingredient in his prescription, nor yet the circumstances that all the rapid and perfect cures that nature ever performed (§ 46), were always effected by the supervention upon the old disease of one of a similar character, ever taught them, during such a long series of centuries, this truth, the knowledge of which can alone conduce to the benefit of the sick.

commentary:

After going through aphorism 52 to 60 regarding different systems of medicines

ALLOPATHY

ANTIPATHY: that as a medicinal action antagonistic to the symptoms of the disease (an antipathically employed medicine) is followed by only transient relief, and after that is passed, by invariable aggravation.

ISOPATHY

HOMOEOPATHY the homœopathic employment of medicines according to similarity of symptoms, must effect a permanent and perfect cure.

It is common that some of the drugs in Old school  gives a permanent relief of some ailments is due to homoeopathicity in some of the drugs prescribed by them.


 

§ 62

But on what this pernicious result of the palliative, antipathic treatment and the efficacy of the reverse, the homœopathic treatment, depend, is explained by the following facts, deduced from manifold observations, which no one before me perceived, though they are so very palpable and so very evident, and are of such infinite importance to the healing art.

commentary:

Dr Hahnemann claims that no one before him was able to understand that antipathic drugs are harmful and homoeopathic system is the most efficacious  to other system of medicines.


                                                                            § 63

Every agent that acts upon the vitality, every medicine, deranges more or less the vital force, and causes a certain alteration in the health of the individual for a longer or a shorter period. This is termed primary action. Although a product of the medicinal and vital powers conjointly, it is principally due to the former power. To its action our vital force endeavors to oppose its own energy. This resistant action is a property, is indeed an automatic action of our life-preserving power, which goes by the name of secondary action or counteraction.

commentary:

Here there are two kinds of action of drugs in our body. They are

(a) PRIMARY ACTION                                                                         (b)   SECONDARY  ACTION

Primary action is action of medicine on vital force. Although it is combined action of both medicinal and  vital force it is basically it is due to medicinal action. Here the vital force is passive.

Secondary action is the reaction of vital force against primary action of medicine. There are two types of secondary action

(1) counteraction, secondary action.                                                     

(2)secondary action, curative action.


 

§ 64

During the primary action of the artificial morbific agents (medicines) on our healthy body, as seen in the following examples, our vital force seems to conduct itself merely in a passive (receptive) manners, and appears, so to say, compelled to permit the impressions of the artificial power acting from without to take place in it and thereby after its state of health; it then, however, appears to rouse itself again, as it were, and to develop (A) the exact opposite condition of health (counteraction, secondary action ) to this effect (primary action) produced upon it, if there be such an opposite, and that in as great a degree as was the effect (primary action) of the artificial morbific agent on it, and proportionate to its own energy; - or (B) if there be not in nature a state exactly the opposite of the primary action, it appears to endeavor to indifferentiate itself, that is, to make its superior power available in the extinction of the change wrought in it from without (by the medicine), in the place of which it substitutes its normal state (secondary action, curative action).
commentary:

It is the inherent property of vital force that when ever any agent tends to ruin or disturb its balance or harmony, the later (agent-drugs), though seeming to yield to  vital force, at first, always reacts against it to adjust itself automatically to its previous balance. 

As the life -principle, in its healthy condition, works in and through material organism by expressing normal sensation and functions, so, in its deranged condition the altered life principle expresses herself through altered sensations and functions. 

There are two phase in the development of deranged condition of life-principle especially after taking medicine. At the onset the life-principle seems to yield to noxious agent and behaves as a passive receptor of the influence of the latter (noxious agent). The altered sensations and functions expressed by the organism are due more to the specific dynamic quality of the offending agent which appears to compel the vital force as it were to receive its impressions and to allow the state of health to  be altered by its specific drug force. Though every symptoms may be strictly due to resultant action and reaction between the  vital force and the drug force, the symptom group developed at this first phase is called primary effect of the drug because here drug acts on life force and later is not yet reacting to it. This phase last for longer or shorter period of time. After the termination of this phase the vital force seems to rally, and the result called secondary action or counter action that may be

ANTIPATHIC SUPRESSION (secondary action or counter action).

If there exist a possibility of evoking the exact opposite of the symptoms produced by the primary effect of the drug, the vital force seem to reacts in the the form of exact opposite state of feeling or function (counter-effect) which is corresponding to the energy of the life principle and to the intensity of primary impression (PRIMARY ACTION) made upon it by the noxious agent or drug. This is called secondary action or counter action.

This takes place in antipathic (palliative) mode of treatment . The antagonistic medicinal symptoms cannot replace the natural disease syndrome (as in the case case of administration of drugs homoeopathically to the natural disease) in living organism. So the palliative medicine, as a thing different from and opposite of the natural condition cannot remove the original disease completely and permanently. What it does is apparent but transient neutralisation of dynamic derangements of the organism, which lasts for a comparatively short time (primary action) but only to induce the vital force to produce an opposite condition to this palliative drug, the reverse of the medicinal action (secondary counter action) takes place, and as a consequence of which   the existing original disease is uneradicated, which is necessarily increased by this addition (secondary counter action) produced  by the vital force.

            or

HOMOEOPATHIC CURE (secondary action , curative action). 

Secondary, when an opposite, condition to primary effect of drug is not possible, the vital  force tries to counteract the deviation from the healthy condition of the  organism, produced by primary action of a drug, in such a way that the original normal healthy state of the individual is restored thereby. This is called the secondary action , curative action. 

This takes place in homoeopathy. The similar artificial disease which a drug  used homoeopathically is capable of producing in living organism takes the place of the natural disease, thus preventing the latter to make influence felt on vital force i.e. after the administration of rightly chosen, similar drug to organism ceases to suffer from the natural disease-force, but its suffering is nonetheless  continued or maintained by medicinal disease. But on account of extra ordinary minuteness of the dose of the drug employed, the medicinal disease is so transient, so slight and disappear so rapidly of its on accord; that the vital force has not to exert much against this small artificial disease to bring about a healthy reaction. Thus vital force being freed from both natural disease as well as artificial disease, returns to original normal condition which takes charge of the already altered tissues and organs and ultimately lead to healthy structural and functional condition of living organism.

define primary action and secondary action.

Primary action is action is the immediate action of any drug on the vital force. Although it is combined action of both medicinal and  vital force it is basically it is due to medicinal action. SECONDARY ACTION IS OPPOSITE TO PRIMARY ACTION WHICH IS CURATIVE IN HOMOEOPATHY AND PALLATIVE IN ANTIPATHY.

EXAMPLE:

ANTIPATHY: digitalis in its primary action when given for tachycardia (abnormally rapid heartbeat), causes reduction in heart rate. Secondary counter action is opposite of the primary action it becomes more rapid than before.

Homoeopathy: A person having loose stool is given medicine that produce loose stool. Primary action is an aggravation. Secondary action is opposite to the primary, is  the reaction of vital force of the living organism is such that normal health is reestablished.

Difference between antipathic  medicine and homoeopathic medicine- GRAPHIC